Glomerular filtration is the process of filtration of blood in the glomerular section of the nephron.
So, It is also called as the first step of urine formation, because blood first enter into the kidney through the glomerulus.
Filtration actually occur in the tiny blood capilaries of glomerulus. This glomerulus is covered with bowmans capsule. So, glomerulus is nothing but the tiny small blood vessels.
Process of Glomerular Filtration
Glomerular filtration process start as soon as the blood enters in the bowmans capsule via glomerulus (tiny capillaries.)
Blood enters via the afferent arteriole with high blood pressure and exit the bowmans capsule with efferent arteriole via a less pressure.
This pressure difference in the blood causes water and small solute to exit from capillaries via the filtration membrane.
Filtration membrane primarily consist of endothelium layer and podocytes. They has pores that allow some particles to move between the capillaries.
Substances that filtered out during this process are, water, glucose, amino acids, salts, urea and other waste products. Then this, substance excrete as a urine.
Now this all process occurs in the glomerulus, so this is called as glomerular filtration process.
Next, the substances that are filtered out are passed to the next part of nephron for further filtration, absorption and reabsorption. It then goes into the PCT, loop of henle and DCT. So, after this, urine is formed. This whole process is end with urine formation.
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